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Converter

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Converter

Converter

2020-04-13 17:00:28

Product Introduction:

The physical heat of the liquid pig iron in the converter and the heat generated by the chemical reaction of the components in the pig iron (such as carbon, manganese, silicon, phosphorus, etc.) with the oxygen fed into the furnace make the metal reach the composition and temperature required for tapping. Hot metal and slagging materials (such as lime, quartz, fluorite, etc.) can be added to scrap steel and a small amount of cold pig iron and ore to adjust the temperature.

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PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

It is composed of furnace body, rolling ring, supporting wheel, transmission device, masonry and other parts. The mechanized process of the converter is high, and the maintenance and operation are simple. Converters with different equipment can be used for different non-ferrous metals smelting. Converter The furnace body is rotatable. The metallurgical furnace used to blow steel or matte is made of steel plates. It requires an external heating source and is an important steelmaking equipment. It can also be used for copper and nickel smelting. The converter is divided into alkaline (inner sand or dolomite as lining) and acid (siliceous material as lining) converter according to the nature of the refractory material of the furnace lining; according to the location of the gas blowing into the furnace, it is divided into bottom blowing top blowing and side Blowing converter; according to the gas used for blowing, it is divided into air converter and oxygen converter. Converter steelmaking mainly uses liquid pig iron as the raw material. Its main features are: the physical heat of the liquid pig iron in the converter and the heat generated by the chemical reaction of the components in the pig iron (such as carbon, manganese, silicon, phosphorus, etc.) with the oxygen sent into the furnace to make the metal reach the composition required for tapping And the temperature furnace charge is mainly molten iron and slag material (such as lime, quartz, fluorite, etc.), in order to adjust the temperature, scrap steel and a small amount of cold pig iron and ore can be added.

Both the early Bessemer converter steelmaking method and the Thomas converter steelmaking method used air to blow molten steel through the bottom tuyeres for blowing. The capacity of the side-blown converter is generally small, and air is blown in from the side of the furnace. Steelmaking converters use acidic or alkaline refractory materials as linings according to different needs. The upright circular simple furnace body is placed on the bearing of the support through the supporting ring and the trunnion frame, and the furnace body is rotated around the horizontal axis by a mechanical tilting device during operation.


The oxygen converter developed in the 1950s still maintains an upright circular shape. With the improvement of technology, it developed into a top blowing oxygen lance for oxygen supply, hence the name oxygen top blowing converter, namely LD converter (see oxygen top blowing converter steelmaking) ; The furnace bottom nozzle with blowing coolant is called oxygen bottom blowing converter (see oxygen bottom blowing converter steelmaking).

Basic principle: oxygen top-blown converter steelmaking equipment process, as shown in the figure, according to the batching requirements, first put scrap steel into the oxygen furnace, then pour molten iron, and add an appropriate amount of slag-making materials (such as quicklime, etc.). After feeding, the oxygen lance is inserted into the furnace from the top of the furnace, and oxygen is injected (high-pressure oxygen flow with a purity greater than 99%), so that it directly reacts with the hot metal of the oxygen lance at high temperature to remove impurities. Replacing air with pure oxygen can overcome the shortcomings of embrittlement of steel due to the influence of nitrogen in the air and the removal of heat when nitrogen is discharged. After removing most of the sulfur and phosphorus, when the composition and temperature of the molten steel meet the requirements, the blowing is stopped, the spray gun is raised, and the steel is prepared. When the steel is tapped, the furnace body is tilted, and molten steel is poured into the ladle from the tap hole. At the same time, a deoxidizer is added to deoxidize and adjust the composition of the molten steel.


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